Chemical engineers ensure the efficiency and safety of chemical processes, adapt the chemical make-up of products to meet environmental or economic needs, and apply new technologies to improve existing processes. category: iron-catalyst. Catalysts allow a reaction to proceed via a pathway that has a lower activation energy than the uncatalyzed reaction. Introducing a new discovery about 16009-13-5, Name is Hemin
We recently reported that exposure to cyclosporine (CSA) plus diclofenac causes hypertension and impairs left ventricular (LV) and cardiac autonomic functions in female rats. Here, we tested the hypothesis that these effects could be mitigated by facilitated heme oxygenase (HO) signaling. Experiments were performed in female rats to assess the effects of 10-day treatment with CSA (25 mg/kg/day)/diclofenac (1 mg/kg/day) regimen on cardiovascular functions in absence and presence of maneuvers that upregulate HO or its enzymatic products. The CSA/diclofenac-induced hypertension and impairment in cardiac sympathovagal balance (i.e. reduced low-frequency/high-frequency spectral ratio) were blunted upon concurrent treatment with hemin (HO-1 inducer), tricarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) dimer (CORM-2, carbon monoxide-releasing molecule), or bilirubin. While none of the latter treatments affected the CSA/diclofenac-evoked decrease in isovolumic relaxation constant (Tau, a measure of diastolic function), the increased LV contractility (dP/dtmax) and attenuated reflex bradycardia in CSA/diclofenac-treated rats was abolished by bilirubin only. Paradoxically, the CSA/diclofenac-evoked attenuation in reflex tachycardia was improved in presence of hemin or CORM-2, but not bilirubin. The favorable hemin effects were abrogated after inhibition of HO (ZnPP) or nitric oxide synthase (NOS, L-NAME). These finding highlights NOS-dependent modulatory roles for HO and its enzymatic products in improving the worsened cardiovascular profile in CSA/diclofenac-treated female rats.
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Reference：
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis | Chemical Reviews,
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: A Critical Assessment of What It Takes To Make This Base Metal a Multitasking Champion